The article analyses the recent amendment by the National Medical Commission (NMC) in India, capping the number of undergraduate medical seats in high-performing states, which has sparked a debate. With a healthcare system catering to the diverse needs of 1.4 billion people, regional disparities in healthcare personnel distribution have emerged, especially among doctors.

The advantages of the amendment include a focused approach on lagging states and the potential distribution of doctors to improve overall health indices. However, concerns arise over infringement of the autonomy of state governments, potential hindrance to high-performing states, and the impact on doctors' postgraduate choices.

This commentary explores the complex factors influencing doctor distribution, including state policies, infrastructure and migration patterns. While emphasising the need for equitable healthcare access, and it also stresses the need for a balanced approach to address the challenges in doctor distribution to ensure both state and national healthcare needs are met effectively.