There are guidelines in India for assisted reproductive technology but not specifically for posthumous assisted reproduction. The ethical concerns of using sperm from a dead man either with his explicit prior consent or by inferred consent, which is not easy to determine, need to be examined. Risks associated with this medical procedure, such as possible genetic defects, must be researched further. Questions about a time limit on storage of the sperm and its specific recipient are also important. Although a case of posthumous retrieval of sperm has not been reported in India, such a request may soon arise and it is time to start discussing these issues.