The social, psychological, medical, and economic impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic has been globally acknowledged and widely documented in many countries, especially those in sub-Saharan Africa, where prevalence rates of over 30% have been documented. Although the prevalence rates in India have rarely exceeded 1% in most regions, except in the North-East among people at high risk and in specific districts across the country, there is a vast body of literature documenting the impact of HIV/AIDS on an individual's health, and social and psychological well-being. However, few studies have explored the economic impact of the disease on individuals and households, despite its critical role in the quality of life. Economic impact is considered at three levels: individual and household (HH), sectoral, and national. This book focuses on individuals and HHs, especially those that are poor/marginalised; the associations of the disease with gender; and the coping mechanisms people employ under these circumstances. A comparison with non-HIV HHs lends the book an unusual and unique perspective. Other new findings pertain to the dependence of HHs affected by HIV on food sponsored by NGOs, and to unrequited/unaccounted income (UUI) as a source of revenue.