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Appendix I: Summary of all online news reports included in the analysis (N= 54)
| Date | Online Source | Reference |
| ENGLISH | ||
| 28 March 2020 | Deccan Herald | PTI. Border gates closed, Bihar woman delivers baby in ambulance in Kerala’s Kasaragod, Deccan Herald, 28 March 2020, https://www.deccanherald.com/national/border-gates-closed-bihar-woman-delivers-baby-in-ambulance-in-keralas-kasaragod-818561.html |
| 4 April 2020 | Indian Express | Goyal D. 3 hospitals turn couple away, two Punjab cops help woman deliver child on roadside. Indian Express, 4 April 2020, https://indianexpress.com/article/india/3-hospitals-turn-couple-away-two-punjab-cops-help-woman-deliver-child-on-roadside-6346600/ |
| 5 April 2020 | Free Press Journal | Pranvendra S. Rajasthan: Controversy erupts after pregnant Muslim woman allegedly denied treatment as baby dies in ambulance. Free Press Journal, 5 April 2020, https://www.freepressjournal.in/india/rajasthan-controversy-erupts-after-muslim-pregnant-woman-allegedly-denied-treatment-as-baby-dies-in-ambulance |
| 12 April 2020 | Mumbai Mirror | Mishra L. Pregnant women bear brunt of stressed healthcare system. Mumbai Mirror, 12 April 2020, https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/coronavirus/news/pregnant-women-bear-brunt-of-stressed-healthcare-system/articleshow/75101923.cms |
| 17 April 2020 | Times of India | Rao CS. In Hyderabad, woman delivers baby on the street amid lockdown. Times of India, 17 April 2020, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/hyderabad/baby-born-on-road-in-suryapet-as-dad-battles-barricades/articleshow/75191209.cms |
| 20 April 2020 | Janta Ka Reporter | JKR Staff. Muslim pregnant woman in Jharkhand ‘denied’ treatment, ‘blamed’ for coronavirus spread; loses child after being allegedly abused and assaulted. Janta Ka Reporter, 20 April 2020, http://www.jantakareporter.com/india/muslim-pregnant-woman-in-jharkhand-denied-treatment-blamed-for-coronavirus-spread-loses-child-after-being-allegedly-abused-and-assaulted/288200/ |
| 21 April 2020 | Hindustan Times | Giri P. Kalimpong’s only Covid-19 hit family triggers panic, discrimination in north Bengal hills. Hindustan Times, 21 April 2020, https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/kalimpong-s-only-covid-19-hit-family-triggers-panic-discrimination-in-north-bengal-hills/story-LQ2aGfawtnjP7Bhbfw6peP.html |
| 22 April 2020 | Indian Express | Barnagarwala T. Amid dearth of maternity hospitals admitting Covid patients, two women give birth. Indian Express, 22 April 2020, https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/denied-hospitalisation-harrowing-time-for-pregnant-women-with-covid-6373288/ |
| 23 April 2020 | Muslim Mirror | Masoud AB. Take stringent action against Islamophobes: CPI(M). Muslim Mirror, 23 April 2020, http://muslimmirror.com/eng/take-stringent-action-aginst-islamophobes-cpim/ |
| 23 April 2020 | Telegraph | Choubey P. Probe into 2 deaths in coal town. Telegraph, 23 April 2020, https://www.telegraphindia.com/states/jharkhand/coronavirus-outbreak-in-jharkhand-probe-into-2-deaths-in-dhanbad/cid/1767239 |
| 28 April 2020 | Times of India | Natu N, Debroy S. Pregnant woman without coronavirus report turned away by Bandra hospitals. Times of India, 28 April 2020, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/pregnant-woman-without-coronavirus-report-turned-away-by-bandra-hospitals/articleshow/75418724.cms |
| 29 April 2020 | Mumbai Mirror | Ganapatye S. Midwife to the rescue as 4 hospitals turn down woman. Mumbai Mirror, 29 April 2020, https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/mumbai/other/midwife-to-the-rescue-as-4-hospitals-turn-down-woman/articleshow/75439497.cms |
| 1 May 2020 | New Indian Express | Express News Service. Pregnant woman suffers miscarriage after private hospital denies treatment in Tamil Nadu. New Indian Express, 1 May 2020, https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2020/may/01/pregnant-woman-suffers-miscarriage-after-private-hospital-denies-treatment-in-tamil-nadu-2138032.html |
| 2 May 2020 | CNBC TV18 | Shukla A. Rural India and COVID-19: Pregnant women risk long travel in search of safe hospital. CNBC TV18.. 2020 May 2; Available from: https://www.cnbctv18.com/healthcare/rural-india-and-covid-19-pregnant-women-risk-long-travel-in-search-of-safe-hospital-5826661.htm |
| 3 May 2020 | Hindustan Times | Dutt A. With hospitals overwhelmed, pregnant women left with no care or place to give birth. Hindustan Times, 3 May 2020, https://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/with-hospitals-overwhelmed-pregnant-women-left-with-no-care-or-place-to-give-birth/story-iqOmJLgWn4TyXwx719O8vM.html |
| 3 May 2020 | Kashmir Monitor | Hassan F. Family on road with body on trolley: Another pregnant woman dies of delayed care in Anantnag. Kashmir Monitor, 3 May 2020, https://www.thekashmirmonitor.net/family-on-road-with-body-on-trolley-another-pregnant-woman-dies-of-delayed-care-in-anantnag/ |
| 4 May 2020 | Outlook | IANS. Telangana HC takes serious note of pregnant woman’s death. Outlook, 4 May 2020, https://www.outlookindia.com/newsscroll/telangana-hc-takes-serious-note-of-pregnant-womans-death/1823928 |
| 5 May 2020 | Wire | Ahmad M. Kashmir: In labour, Woman From ‘Red Zone’ Turned Away From 4 Hospitals. Wire, 5 May 2020, https://thewire.in/health/kashmir-covid-19-red-zone-pregnant-woman |
| 8 May 2020 | NewsClick | Bhattacharya D. women struggle to access maternity care in Delhi, Organisations write to govt. NewsClick. 8 May 2020; Available from: https://www.newsclick.in/COVID-19-Lockdown-India-Health-Access-Pregnant-Women |
| 11 May 2020 | Onmanorama | Onmanorama Staff. Turned away by 3 Bengaluru hospitals, Kerala woman delivers baby in auto-rickshaw. Onmanorama. 11 May 2020. Available from: https://www.onmanorama.com/news/kerala/2020/05/10/kannur-woman-delivers-baby-in-autorickshaw.html |
| 19 May 2020 | Pioneer | Staff Reporter. Pregnant woman loses fetus due to callousness. Pioneer, 19 May 2020, https://www.dailypioneer.com/2020/state-editions/pregnant-woman-loses-fetus-due-to-callousness.html |
| 20 May 2020 | New Indian Express | Express News Service. Police hurdle kills pregnant woman in Andhra Pradesh. New Indian Express, 20 May 2020. https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2020/may/20/police-hurdle-kills-pregnant-woman-in-andhra-pradesh-2145586.html |
| 22 May 2020 | News Minute | Bharati SP. A nine-month pregnant woman’s ordeal at a Chennai COVID-19 isolation ward. News Minute, 22 May 2020, https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/nine-month-pregnant-womans-ordeal-chennai-covid-19-isolation-ward-125108 |
| 24 May 2020 | Wire | Kumar S. This pregnant woman was denied treatment at a Buxar govt hospital – and she’s not alone. Wire, 24 May 2020, https://thewire.in/communalism/bihar-pregnant-woman-government-hospitals-treatment |
| 25 May 2020 | New Indian Express | Express News Service. Fearing COVID-19, pregnant woman refused treatment by doctors at two government hospitals in Andhra. New Indian Express, 25 May 2020, https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra-pradesh/2020/may/25/fearing-covid-19-pregnant-woman-refused-treatment-by-doctors-at-two-government-hospitals-in-andhra-2147911.html |
| 25 May 2020 | Times Now News | Mirror Now Digital. Medical apathy in UP: Pregnant woman dies after private hospitals refuse to admit her. Times Now News, 25 May 2020, https://www.timesnownews.com/mirror-now/in-focus/article/medical-apathy-in-up-pregnant-woman-dies-after-private-hospitals-refuse-to-admit-her/596540 |
| 26 May 2020 | Hindu | Special Correspondent. Adambakkam police help pregnant woman. Hindu, 26 May 2020, https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/adambakkam-police-help-pregnant-woman/article31682122.ece |
| 26 May 2020 | Times of India | Lavania D. Agra: Pregnant woman in labour told at CHC to get gloves first. Times of India, 26 May 2020, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/agra/pregnant-woman-in-labour-told-at-chc-to-get-gloves-first-baby-dies/articleshow/75982865.cms |
| 28 May 2020 | New Indian Express | Express News Service. Denied entry to hospital, apartment for home quarantine, Dubai returnee in Mangaluru suffers miscarriage. New Indian Express, 28 May 2020, https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/karnataka/2020/may/28/denied-entry-to-hospital-apartment-for-home-quarantine-dubai-returnee-in-mangaluru-suffers-miscarriage-2149288.html |
| 29 May 2020 | Hindustan Times | Pol M. Pregnant woman dies in Mumbra after hospitals refuse to admit her. Hindustan Times, 29 May 2020, https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/pregnant-woman-dies-in-mumbra-after-hospitals-refuse-to-admit-her/story-nKhKd40t4WNAnS8kkl4TPL.html |
| 27 May 2020 | Odisha TV | Mallick S. Coronavirus agony: Pregnant woman spends 11 hours on hospital verandah In Odisha. Odisha TV, 27 May 2020, https://odishatv.in/odisha-news/coronavirus-agony-pregnant-woman-spends-11-hours-on-hospital-verandah-in-odisha-453803 |
| HINDI | ||
| 7 April 2020 | Amar Ujala | Amar Ujala Bureau. Family circled hospitals, childbirth could not happen due to lockdown, pregnant woman’s breath stopped. Amar Ujala, 7 April 2020, https://www.amarujala.com/uttar-pradesh/bareilly/lock-down-family-members-circling-the-hospital-pregnant-s-breath-stopped-bareilly-news-bly4018806195 |
| 9 April 2020 | Tricity Today | Tricity Reporter. Health worker molests pregnant woman, woman dies. Tricity Today, 9 April 2020, https://tricitytoday.com/news/health-worker-molests-pregnant-woman-woman-dies-7430.html |
| 11 April 2020 | Naiduniya | Naiduniya Representative. Madhya Pradesh News: Pregnant woman did not receive treatment, death in MYH, Indore. Naiduniya, 11 April 2020, https://www.naidunia.com/madhya-pradesh/indore-madhya-pradesh-news-pregnant-did-not-receive-treatment-in-in-myh-indore-death-5480436 |
| 11 April 2020 | Asia Net News | Asianet News Hindi. Inhumanity: ANM slaps a pregnant woman in labour room for moaning in labour pain. Asianet News, 11 April 2020, https://hindi.asianetnews.com/bihar/anm-slaps-pregnant-woman-during-delivery-in-jamui-bihar-pra-q8ma4x |
| 17 April 2020 | Navbharat Times | Lockdown: Woman suffering from childbirth, gave birth to child in police jeep. Navbharat Times, 17 April 2020, https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/metro/delhi/other-news/woman-gives-birth-to-child-in-police-jeep-while-going-to-hospital/articleshow/75199489.cms%0D%0A |
| 20 April 2020 | Jagran | Srivastava B. Three dead, including pregnant woman in SRN Hospital, all report coronavirus negative. Prayagraj News. Jagran, 20 April 2020, https://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/allahabad-city-three-died-including-pregnant-in-srn-hospital-but-coronavirus-reports-is-negative-in-all-20206796.html |
| 25 April 2020 | Dainik Jagran | Dainik Jagran. Negligence, woman was suspected and the administration performed the last rites. Dainik Jagran, 25 April 2020, http://jagranmp.com/rewa/2020-04-25/14 |
| 26 April 2020 | Hindustan | Hindustan Team. Pregnant woman becomes a football in game of referral. Hindustan, 26 April 2020, https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/bareily/story-pregnant-woman-becomes-soccer-in-referee-39-s-game-3175621.html |
| 5 May 2020 | Dainik Bhaskar | Bhaskar Correspondent. Left the pregnant woman on a stretcher after drip, she died in the wee hours of the morning, referred the dead body, the ambulance staff returned. Dainik Bhaskar, 5 May 2020, https://epaper.bhaskar.com/detail/526010/14101980116/mpcg/05052020/277/text/ |
| 5 May 2020 | Amar Ujala | News Desk Amar Ujala Bureau. Greater Noida: The hospital refused to admit for not getting 30 thousand, pregnant woman was suffering. Amar Ujala, 5 May 2020, https://www.amarujala.com/delhi-ncr/noida/greater-noida-hospital-not-admit-pregnant-lady-because-as-she-unable-to-30-thousand-rupees |
| 7 May 2020 | Hindustan | Hindustan Team. Pregnant woman did not receive treatment, died after delivery at home. Hindustan, 7 May 2020, https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/story-meerut-woman-died-after-delivery-as-she-did-not-get-proper-treatment-3200211.html |
| 11 May 2020 | Navbharat Times | Navbharat Times. Three women stopped from entering the hospital, delivery was done at the gate itself. Navbharat Times, 11 May 2020, https://navbharattimes.indiatimes.com/metro/lucknow/other-news/three-women-stopped-from-entering-the-hospital-delivery-was-done-at-the-gate-itself/articleshow/75661942.cms |
| 15 May 2020 | Dainik Bhaskar | Dainik Bhaskar. After giving birth to son, mother’s health deteriorates, death due to lack of treatment. Dainik Bhaskar, 15 May 2020, https://www.bhaskar.com/local/mp/gwalior/ambah/news/mothers-health-deteriorates-after-giving-birth-to-son-death-due-to-lack-of-treatment-127302627.html |
| 16 May 2020 | Hindustan | Hindustan Team. Doctors did not admit pregnant woman to Upper India, referred to Dufferin. Hindustan, 16 May 2020, https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/kanpur/story-doctors-not-admitted-pregnant-in-upper-india-refer-dufferin-3219441.html |
| 17 May 2020 | Hindustan | Hindustan Team. Pregnant women are not getting treatment in CHC. Hindustan, 17 May 2020, https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/meerut/story-pregnant-women-are-not-getting-treatment-in-chc-3219581.html |
| 17 May 2020 | News18 | Sharma A. Shaming humanity! An 8-months pregnant woman dies due to lack of treatment, the infant could not even open her eyes. News18, 17 May 2020, https://hindi.news18.com/news/uttar-pradesh/kasganj-painful-death-of-pregnant-woman-due-to-due-to-lack-of-treatment-upask-nodgm-3121159.html |
| 18 May 2020 | Dainik Bhaskar | Dainik Bhaskar. Corona suspected woman delivered in isolation ward, no doctor arrived for treatment. Dainik Bhaskar, 18 May 2020, https://www.bhaskar.com/local/mp/news/corona-suspected-woman-delivered-in-isolation-ward-no-doctor-reached-for-treatment-127314476.html |
| 18 May 2020 | ETOI News | Editor. Inhumanity of a god-like doctor, in the absence of money. Etoi News, 18 May 2020, https://etoinews.com/humanity-of-a-doctor-called-god-when-there-is-no-money/ |
| 18 May 2020 | NewsD | New. The condition of a quarantine centre in Nalanda: the pregnant woman moaning for four days, the child died in the womb. Newsd, 18 May 2020, https://hindi.newsd.in/bihar-nalanda-pregnant-lady-suffer-pain-for-4-days-quarantine-center-child-died-in-womb/ |
| 23 May 2020 | First India News | First India Correspondent. Orthopaedic doctor became god for woman in labour pains, delivered before reaching ward. First India News, 23 May 2020, https://firstindianews.com/news/Delivery-of-woman-from-Agra-to-RBM-Hospital-in-Bharatpur-1481590070%09%0D%0A |
| 27 May 2020 | Hindustan | Hindustan Team. Pregnant woman in torture, newborn dies. Hindustan, 27 May 2020, https://www.livehindustan.com/uttar-pradesh/shamli/story-pregnant-woman-in-torture-newborn-dies-3242043.html [Hindi] |
| 28 May 2020 | Dainik Bhaskar | News Correspondent. Woman in pain for 4 hours after caesarean in Eling, doctor and nurse missing, death. Dainik Bhaskar, 28 May 2020, https://epaper.bhaskarhindi.com/2690176/Dainik-Bhaskar-Jabalpur/#page/16 |
| 31 May 2020 | Dainik Bhaskar | Dainik Bhaskar. Charged more for delivery in Ratlam, Hospital fined. Dainik Bhaskar, 31 May 2020, https://www.bhaskar.com/local/mp/ratlam/news/charged-more-for-delivery-in-ratlam-hospital-fined-127358705.html |