The introduction of newer vaccines into the immunisation programmes in India has been the subject of heated debates in recent years. While a number of concerns have been identified, the often obvious commercial interest of the vaccine manufacturing lobby has been the major point of objection based on which civil society groups have taken their position. Recently there have been many concerns raised about the demonstration projects on HPV vaccines in India, ranging from those regarding the vulnerability of researched populations to the cost-effectiveness of the vaccines used in national programmes. While acknowledging the threat of potential commercial interests in shaping vaccine policy decisions, we call for a balanced approach to various research projects on this subject. We shall look at the various concerns raised by others and give our point of view.